Figure i shows a typical permeable interlocking concrete pavement. Permeable concrete pavers are extremely resistant to freezethaw events. The concrete pavers, bedding and base layers are typically restrained by a concrete curb in vehicular applications. It is the base that offers infiltration, storage, and partial treatment of stormwater pollution. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements are typically built on an open graded, crushed stone base. The permeable interlocking concrete paver is considered a structural bmp under infiltration practices. Maintenance the most prevalent maintenance concern is the potential clogging of the openings and joints between the pavers. Potential use of pervious concrete for maintaining existing mature trees during and after urban development. Maintenance guidelines for permeable interlocking concrete. Porous asphalt, pervious concrete and permeable interlocking. Picp can reduce runoff and pollutants from walkways, patios, driveways, parking lots, alleys, parking lanes, and low volume streets.
This brochure offers stormwater agencies, design professionals, contractors and homeowners an overview of each and presents the advantages of picp over the alternatives. The software is unique in that it permits permeable pavements to be designed to satisfy the requirements of. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements design and construction guide concrete masonry association of australia edition pe01 november 2010 isbn 0 909407 58 4 concrete pavements p ermeable interlocking n all navigation links within pages are shown in blue. Permeable pavement fact sheet information for howard county. Pdf maintenance guidelines for permeable interlocking concrete. Permeable pavements may be able to reduce such runoff and improve water quality. The paving units are placed on a bedding layer of permeable aggregates which rests over a base and subbase of opengraded aggregates. Solid concrete pavers used with permeable ones at stone mountain park near atlanta, georgia.
Permeable interlocking concrete pavements picps have been. Pdf the sustainability of pavement infrastructure is paramount to insuring. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp is a durable costeffective solution for compliance to national, stateprovincial and municipal stormwater regulations. Stormwater runoff carries pollutants from roadway surfaces to the surrounding environment and sometimes directly into waterways. Design considerations for interlocking concrete pavements unilock specifications page 5 common to these applications. It was proposed to the technical commit tee of the interlocking concrete pavement institute in the early 1990s. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement paving system these units form part of a pervious paving system composed of the layer of concrete pavers with opengraded permeable joints and an opengraded base crushed stone. Pdf development of an asce standard for permeable pavement. The picp design process includes an analysis of the expected axle loads, followed by characterization of subgrade strength and evaluation of the surface and subbase thickness to support the design traffic for the life of the picp.
Permeable pavers interlocking concrete pavement institute. On most sites, permeable paving costs more than conventional asphalt or concrete paving. Design considerations for interlocking concrete pavements. Pdf hydraulic characterization and design of permeable. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement, also referred to as picp, consists solid concrete paving units with joints that create openings in the pavement surface when assembled into a pattern. Some products are polymercoated and have an entirely porous face. Pavement, in construction, is an outdoor floor or superficial surface covering. Description permeable interlocking concrete pavements manual design, specification, construction, maintenance. Often industrial and port pavements are built on sites that have poor soil conditions. It is recommended that a qualified civil engineer with knowledge in hydrology and hy draulics be consulted for applications using permeable interlocking concrete pavement to ensure desired results. Permeable pavement surfaces typically include pervious concrete, porous asphalt, paving stones and interlocking pavers. Permeable pavements typically consist of pervious concrete, porous asphalt, permeable interlocking concrete paving units or grid type systems over an opengraded basesubbase layers.
They are typically underlain by a gravel support layer ranging in thickness from 4 to 12 inches. Unlike pervious concrete and porous asphalt, concrete pavers have freezethaw durability test methods and requirements within their product standards to help. The updated, comprehensive guide to design, construction and maintenance of permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp, like all types of. This paper describes the technical development of the emerging asce standard for permeable interlocking concrete pavement or picp. General information is provided on picp compositionwith a summary of benefits, limitations, and characteristics. The durability and low maintenance costs of picp systems deliver an economic advantage when factoring total lifecycle costs. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement asce library. Picp permeable interlocking concrete pavements reduce storm water runoff by infiltrating rain through the paver surface into a gapgraded base below. Structurally, picp is a flexible pavement like asphalt. It is recommended that a qualified civil engineer with knowledge in hydrology and hydraulics be consulted for applications using permeable interlocking concrete pavement to ensure desired results. Leed credits can be achieved by picp when integrated as a bmp best management practices for storm water control.
Permeable interlocking concrete pavements manual design, specification, construction, maintenance 5th ed. Concrete pavers are designed with gaps between them that allow stormwater to infiltrate into the aggregate reservoir. Conference paper pdf available august 2015 with 476. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements are concrete units with open, permeable spaces between the units 2 they give an architectural appearance, and can bear both light and heavy traffic, particularly interlocking concrete pavers, excepting highvolume or highspeed roads. It is identified by the type of pavement used, such as permeable concrete, permeable interlocking concrete pavers filled with gravel, or segmental plastic pavers to be filled with grass. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp design. Permeable pavements typically consist of pervious concrete, porous asphalt, or permeable interlocking concrete block paving units over an open grade basesubbase layers. Icpi tech spec 15 a guide for the construction of mechanically installed interlocking concrete pavements 2012. Nearly all permeable pavement types have the same general structure see figure 1. Icpi tech spec 1 glossary of terms for segmental concrete pavements 2017. In landscape architecture, pavements are part of the hardscape and are used on sidewalks, road surfaces, patios, courtyards, etc. Each page contains a set of standard navigation buttons at the bottom of the page. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements selection, design. These soils often settle and consolidate unevenly under load resulting in serious damage to pavements.
Guidance on permeable pavements in cold climates what was the need. Pervious concrete is most common today, but porous asphalt, interlocking concrete pavers, concrete grid pavers, and plastic reinforced grids. For more information pertaining to permeable interlocking concrete pavement, please visit the interlocking concrete pavement institute. Test c17701 are also referenced from us epa surface infiltration testing that used d1701 modified version of c at a permeable pavement research facility in edison, new jersey, consisting of picp, pervious concrete, and porous asphalt. The solid pavers are impervious highstrength portland cement concrete manufactured with specialized production equipment. Permeable pavement design and construction case studies in north america. Permeable pavements are alternative paving surfaces that allow stormwater runo. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp comprises a layer of solid concrete. Three of the major types of permeable pavements are compared in the table below from the virginia dcr stormwater design specification no. The software was first developed for australian conditions but has subsequently been extended to other countries. For a typical 10 foot by 20 foot single car driveway this would. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements picp and aggregate pavers.
Permeable interlocking concrete pavement, also referred to as picp, consists of solid concrete paving units with joints that create openings in the pavement surface when assembled into a pattern. Pps include pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and interlocking concrete pavers. A guide to permeable interlocking concrete pavements. This brochure offers stormwater agencies, design professionals, contractors and homeowners an overview of each and presents the. Maintenance guidelines for permeable interlocking concrete pavement systems conference paper pdf available august 2015 with 471 reads how we measure reads. Maintenance recommendations for permeable interlocking. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements picp are a low impact development lid technology that reduce the total volume of stormwater discharge and peak. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements picp cover a wide range of applications ranging through landscaping, domestic paving and driveways, public spaces, residential roads and streets and heavy duty industrial pavements including container areas. The draft standard notes key design elements which include high strength, impermeable concrete units for the surface that meet american society for testing materials or canadian standards association standards.
Reining in the rain workshops, april 2125 2008 keywords. Over time, particulates accumulate in the picp joints, decreasing the pavements surface. Permeable pavement pp is a modified form of asphalt or concrete with a top layer that is pervious to water due to voids intentionally created during mixing. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp municipal. Smith, interlocking concrete pavement institute subject. This paper describes the development of new design software for permeable interlocking concrete pavements picp. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement a best management practice to control stormwater runoff 1 permeable pavers.
Cosponsored by the interlocking concrete pavement institute. The joints are filled with permeable aggregates that allow water to freely enter the surface. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements vii acknowledgements taking a project from idea to reality often takes longer than anticipated. Interlocking concrete paver institute icpi standards. Most picp projects are machineinstalled to accelerate construction time over manual installation. Feb 19, 2015 the permeable surface allows flow rates as high as 2,540 cmhr 1,000 inhr borst 2010. The solid pavers are impervious highstrength portland cement concrete manufactured with. Permeable pavement design and construction case studies in. Design manuals interlocking concrete pavement institute. Uni ecostone interlocking concrete permeable pavements. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement, also referred to. The federal highway administration fhwa has released a new tech brief titled permeable interlocking concrete pavement that presents an overview of permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp and its use. The draft standard notes key design elements, which include high. Table 21, cost analysis caltrans pervious pavement design.
Other permeable pavements surfaces are discussed, i. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement picp for stormwater. Comparative properties of the three major permeable pavement types design factor porous concrete pc porous asphalt pa interlocking pavers ip. Detailed design, construction, use, and performance information is provided for porous asphalt, pervious concrete, permeable interlocking concrete pavement, and grid pavements. To provide objective information about permeable pavement for howard county, maryland homeowners who may wish to install or retrofit a permeable pavement. Using paverguide under permeable pavements will reduce to depth of excavation and increase labor. Paverguide can be used under pervious interlocking concrete pavers, traditional clay pavers, or pervious concrete. Permeable pavement fact sheet information for howard.
The gaps are approximately 10% of the surface area and are filled with small stone. A variety of permeable pavement surfaces are available, including pervious concreteporous asphalt, and permeable grid pavers and interlocking concrete pavers. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements picp unlike other systems, the paving stones that comprise the wearing surface of the pavement are not permeable. Pavements constructed with these units create joints that are filled with permeable aggregates and installed on an opengraded aggregate bedding course. This chapter focuses on the most successfully applied types of permeable pavement. Icpi tech spec 23 maintenance guide for permeable interlocking concrete pavements 2017 tags. Permeable pavements are designed to infiltrate stormwater, reduce peak flows, filter and clean contaminants in the water stream and promote groundwater recharge. These materials are used as stormwater treatment practices in urban areas. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements manual design, specification, construction, maintenance 4th edition draws from a wealth of current permeable pavement research on stormwater management, structural design, and performance and is a key resource for design professionals as. While the specific design may vary, all permeable pavements have a similar structure, consisting of a permeable surface pavement layer, an underlying stone aggregate reservoir layer. The solid pavers are impervious highstrength portland cement concrete.
Hydrology, design, installation, maintenance and cost. Paverguide can be installed in single or multiple layers. Unlike traditional impervious paving materials, permeable paving systems allow stormwater to percolate and infiltrate through the pavement and into the aggregate. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement international. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements ideal concrete block. Buenos aires, argentina, 2009101821 argentinean concrete block association aabh argentinean portland cement institute icpa small element paving technologists sept 1 a pilot study of cementtreated basecourses for use in permeable interlocking concrete pavements. Longevity is assumed to be 20 to 30 years for pervious concrete and block pavements, and 15 to 20 years for porous asphalt. Permeability is achieved through openings in the pavers or the joint spaces between the blocks.
Permeable pavement fact sheet information for howard county, maryland homeowners purpose of this fact sheet. Recommendations are guidelines only and will vary with local recommendations are guidelines only and will vary with local regulations, specifications, environmental conditions, materials, and established construction methods for an area. The elements of the pavement, which are described in detail in subsequent sections of this manual, comprise. Picp can be installed in freezing weather, however, porous asphalt and pervious concrete cannot. Permeable paving is a method of paving vehicle and pedestrian pathways to enable infiltration of stormwater runoff.
They both carry traffic and act as a drainage facility. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement for stormwater. Permeable pavements are considered a structural best management practice bmp under. Permeable pavement is typically designed to treat stormwater that falls on the actual pavement surface area, but it may also be used to accept runon from small adjacent impervious areas, such as impermeable driving lanes or. The joint size is usually controlled by enlarged spacer bars cast into the units or the predetermined shape of the individual unit. Selection design construction maintenance, washington,dc. Permeable interlocking concrete pavements picp combine stormwater infiltration, detention and a riding surface for vehicles into one location. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement schools and. Permeable pavement fact sheet chesapeake bay trust. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement standards.
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